# Particles with free surface **URL:** \ **Category:** ASPECT\ **Created:** [July 16, 2021, 6:48am UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908 "2021-07-16T06:48:36Z")\ **Posts on this page:** 13\ **Page:** 1
**Author:** ![moh\_g](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/flex036/user_avatar/community.geodynamics.org/moh_g/32/836_2.png) [@moh\_g](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/moh_g)\ **Post date:** [July 16, 2021, 6:48am UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/1 "2021-07-16T06:48:36Z")
Hi all, I am trying to run a lithospheric extension model with free surface and passive particles to track the pT path of the upper crust but the simulation fails either during the initial mesh refinement at timestep 0 or at the start of timestep 1 when I remove the mesh refinement (first lines from the error file are below). I am using version 2.3.0-pre Thank you Moh ```auto An error occurred in line <3272> of file in function void dealii::DoFCellAccessor::get_dof_values(const InputVector &, ForwardIterator, ForwardIterator) const [with InputVector = dealii::TrilinosWrappers::MPI::Vector, ForwardIterator = double *, DoFHandlerType = dealii::DoFHandler<3, 3>, bool level_dof_access = false] The violated condition was: this->is_artificial() == false Additional information: Can't ask for DoF indices on artificial cells. ``` ---
**Author:** ![bangerth](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/flex036/user_avatar/community.geodynamics.org/bangerth/32/52_2.png) [@bangerth](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/bangerth)\ **Post date:** [July 16, 2021, 4:45pm UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/2 "2021-07-16T16:45:00Z")
Moh, would you be willing to try this again with the current ASPECT development sources? Rene has done a lot of work in this area, and the problem may since have been fixed. Best Wolfgang ---
**Author:** ![jbnaliboff](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/j/58956e/32.png) [@jbnaliboff](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/jbnaliboff)\ **Post date:** [July 16, 2021, 11:22pm UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/3 "2021-07-16T23:22:47Z")
Hi Moh, I’m also unsure exactly what the issue is here. The ability to use the particles with the free surface was reintroduced at some point in 2.3.0-pre, but that does not seem to be the issue. I agree with Wolfgang’s suggestion to update to the most recent master branch and see if that resolves the issue. In the next week or two I should have some tests done with extension models using active particles, and am happy to share those results when they have run successfully. Cheers, John ---
**Author:** ![moh\_g](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/flex036/user_avatar/community.geodynamics.org/moh_g/32/836_2.png) [@moh\_g](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/moh_g)\ **Post date:** [July 17, 2021, 8:09pm UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/4 "2021-07-17T20:09:58Z")
Hi Wolfgang, John, Thanks for the reply. I tried to install the current ASPECT and ran into an issues: ```auto [31%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/aspect.dir/source/material_model/rheology/visco_plastic.cc.o /home/home02/earmgo/safe/aspect_dir/aspect-2.4.0-pre/source/material_model/diffusion_dislocation.cc(452): error: namespace "std" has no member "make_unique" diffusion_creep.parse_parameters(prm, std::make_unique>(n_fields)); ^ /home/home02/earmgo/safe/aspect_dir/aspect-2.4.0-pre/source/material_model/diffusion_dislocation.cc(452): error: type name is not allowed diffusion_creep.parse_parameters(prm, std::make_unique>(n_fields)); ^ /home/home02/earmgo/safe/aspect_dir/aspect-2.4.0-pre/source/material_model/diffusion_dislocation.cc(456): error: namespace "std" has no member "make_unique" dislocation_creep.parse_parameters(prm, std::make_unique>(n_fields)); ^ /home/home02/earmgo/safe/aspect_dir/aspect-2.4.0-pre/source/material_model/diffusion_dislocation.cc(456): error: type name is not allowed dislocation_creep.parse_parameters(prm, std::make_unique>(n_fields)); ^ compilation aborted for /home/home02/earmgo/safe/aspect_dir/aspect-2.4.0-pre/source/material_model/diffusion_dislocation.cc (code 2) make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/aspect.dir/source/material_model/diffusion_dislocation.cc.o] Error 2 make[2]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs.... make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/aspect.dir/all] Error 2 make: *** [all] Error 2 ``` It seems to be related to the compiler being c++11 instead of c++14, according to some posts that I found online, but I can’t figure out how to solve it! Any help would be appreciated 🙂. ---
**Author:** ![jbnaliboff](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/j/58956e/32.png) [@jbnaliboff](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/jbnaliboff)\ **Post date:** [July 17, 2021, 8:45pm UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/5 "2021-07-17T20:45:36Z")
Hi Moh, Hmm, you should still be able to build ASPECT using a compiler that does not support C++14 yet. Are you using deal.II version 9.3.0? John ---
**Author:** ![moh\_g](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/flex036/user_avatar/community.geodynamics.org/moh_g/32/836_2.png) [@moh\_g](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/moh_g)\ **Post date:** [July 17, 2021, 9:00pm UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/6 "2021-07-17T21:00:29Z")
Hi John, No I am using deal II 8.2.0, which is the version installed through candi. Moh ---
**Author:** ![tjhei](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/flex036/user_avatar/community.geodynamics.org/tjhei/32/1163_2.png) [@tjhei](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/tjhei)\ **Post date:** [July 17, 2021, 10:03pm UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/7 "2021-07-17T22:03:08Z")
Hi Moh, we will be moving to requiring a c++ 14 compiler in about a week or so, so I don’t think we are going to go back to fix the issues you just reported. If you don’t want to upgrade, you can replace `std::make_unique` by `std_cxx14::make_unique` There are maybe 6-7 places in `source/` that needs fixing. I think that is all that is required to compile with c++11. Best, Timo ---
**Author:** ![moh\_g](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/flex036/user_avatar/community.geodynamics.org/moh_g/32/836_2.png) [@moh\_g](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/moh_g)\ **Post date:** [July 18, 2021, 4:36pm UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/8 "2021-07-18T16:36:04Z")
Hi Timo, Thanks for the fix. It helped getting the compilation to 94% but now I am getting this error: ```auto [94%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/aspect.dir/contrib/world_builder/source/features/subducting_plate_models/temperature/linear.cc.o /home/home02/earmgo/safe/aspect_dir/aspect-2.4.0-pre/unit_tests/parse_map_to_double_array.cc(87): error: name followed by "::" must be a class or namespace name auto n_values_per_key = std_cxx14::make_unique>(); ^ /home/home02/earmgo/safe/aspect_dir/aspect-2.4.0-pre/unit_tests/parse_map_to_double_array.cc(87): error: expected an identifier auto n_values_per_key = std_cxx14::make_unique>(); ^ /home/home02/earmgo/safe/aspect_dir/aspect-2.4.0-pre/unit_tests/parse_map_to_double_array.cc(87): error: expected a ";" auto n_values_per_key = std_cxx14::make_unique>(); ^ ``` In any case, John shared with me one of his test setups using active particles that runs on the 2.3-branch. ---
**Author:** ![bangerth](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/flex036/user_avatar/community.geodynamics.org/bangerth/32/52_2.png) [@bangerth](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/bangerth)\ **Post date:** [July 19, 2021, 4:56pm UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/9 "2021-07-19T16:56:23Z")
> I tried to install the current ASPECT and ran into an issues: > > > [31%] Building CXX object > > CMakeFiles/aspect.dir/source/material\_model/rheology/visco\_plastic.cc.o > > /home/home02/earmgo/safe/aspect\_dir/aspect-2.4.0-pre/source/material\_model/diffusion\_dislocation.cc(452): > > error: namespace “std” has no member “make\_unique” > > diffusion\_creep.parse\_parameters(prm, std::make\_unique\ > > > > (n\_fields)); ^ Apparently all developers use compilers that already understand C++14. You can either wait until this patch is merged [Don't use std::make\_unique just yet. by bangerth · Pull Request #4261 · geodynamics/aspect · GitHub](https://github.com/geodynamics/aspect/pull/4261) or just replace all of these places by std\_cxx14::make\_unique. Best W. ---
**Author:** ![bangerth](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/flex036/user_avatar/community.geodynamics.org/bangerth/32/52_2.png) [@bangerth](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/bangerth)\ **Post date:** [July 19, 2021, 4:58pm UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/10 "2021-07-19T16:58:35Z")
You might have to add #include \ to this file. ---
**Author:** ![moh\_g](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/flex036/user_avatar/community.geodynamics.org/moh_g/32/836_2.png) [@moh\_g](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/moh_g)\ **Post date:** [July 19, 2021, 6:13pm UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/11 "2021-07-19T18:13:03Z")
Hi Wolfgang, I added the #include \ to the unit\_tests/parse\_map\_to\_double\_array.cc but I still have the same issue (i.e., name followed by “::” must be a class or namespace name). Concerning my initial issue with the particles, adding diffusivity to the mesh solved the issue. The model has reached 15 Myr so far on the 2.3-branch. So, I am happy to wait for the cxx14 patch to be merged before compiling the master-branch. Cheers, Moh ---
**Author:** ![bangerth](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/flex036/user_avatar/community.geodynamics.org/bangerth/32/52_2.png) [@bangerth](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/bangerth)\ **Post date:** [July 19, 2021, 6:56pm UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/12 "2021-07-19T18:56:50Z")
Mohamed, the patch I mentioned earlier has been merged. As for this particular file, just remove everything from the file and leave it empty – you don’t need the contents of the file. Best W. ---
**Author:** ![moh\_g](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/flex036/user_avatar/community.geodynamics.org/moh_g/32/836_2.png) [@moh\_g](https://community.geodynamics.org/u/moh_g)\ **Post date:** [July 19, 2021, 7:50pm UTC](https://community.geodynamics.org/t/particles-with-free-surface/1908/13 "2021-07-19T19:50:09Z")
That worked Thanks Wolfgang. Moh